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MICROCONTROLLER BASED MULTIPURPOSE SECURITY DEVICE WITH DIRECTION

ABSTRACT

The microcontroller Based Security System with Intruder Position Display is a design that applies automated security system in homes, Industries, military etc. The project will feature a system that will track the presence of an intruder in restricted area and also inform the user about the position of the intruder. This Project will be based on microcontroller and other electronic design to achieve the above stated purposes.  The interfacing medium will make use of parallel port. The sensors (Light Dependent Resistor and LEDS) will receive the signal when the intruder is around while the control program will translate the received signal from the sensors to useful information about the function of the system. In this design we have implored the use of both hardware and software to bring about the entire project. The hardware components are solely coordinated by the AT89S51 microcontroller chip while the C programming language is used to program the chip.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The industrial Electronics has changed the whole field ofEngineering and technology is occurring so rapidly, even indeveloping countries. It is so because newer technologies overcome older ones. After the industrial revolution the world directed towards the information age with the development of computers during the 1950's.

As such, mechantronics which is a principle that combines theapplication of mechanical and electrical means has takes over thegreater part of industrial electronics which is indispensable in modern technology.

In Nigeria, security which is one of the basic lookouts in anyproductive firm has been on the decrease. Most industries have gone bankrupt because of their inability to meet up to the security standard required in a modern day setting. Equally, some homes and offices have lost important documents and properties due to easy access that criminals have. There is thus an urgent need for significant security measures to improve the standard of living of the people, enhance development and put to a stop the menace of insecurity. That is the reasons as a student of Electrical/Electronics Engineering has decided to embark on a project named "Microcontroller Based Multipurpose Security Device with Direction”.

This electronic system consists of four sensor made up of optocoupler realized with combination of Laser beam, from Laser diode coupled into a cadmium sulfide photocell (c.d.s photocell).

This component serves as electronic eye, the output ofoptocouplems conditioned by a Schmitt trigger NAND gate controlLogic (74 Ls 132) TTL chip. The output of the 132 chips is send intoport 0 of 8051 microcontroller. A keypad encoder containing eightkeys is interfaced to a port 1 of 8051 microcontroller.  Anelectromagnetic relay driven by a Darlington pair transistor static switch is interface to the port 2 of the microcontroller. Servomotors that serve as the door prime mover is link to AC Circuit. Via the normally open contact of the electromagnetic relay. A buzzer is also interface to port 2 through a single transistor static switch.

The entire system is designed in such a manner that whenever somebody wants to gain entrance through the back door, the electronic eyes (optocoupler) installed at the locations respective sense the presence and triggers a buzzer alarm at the security department of the cantonment and seven-segment display shows the exact location of the intruder. When the fire detector sense fire-outbreak in the cantonment a pulsate alarm is triggered.

Whenever a user of the ammunition house wants to get access into it, he keys in the exact password and the gate opens and closes in its own.  If an invalid password is keyed in, an alarm is triggered at the security department with the exact location of intruder displayed on the seven-segment display unit.

1.2  OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of this project is to design and implement a microcontroller based multipurpose security device with direction capable of securing a military cantonment from fire-outbreak, intruder location and detection and to control access to a strong room in the cantonment. Another objective of this project is to ground the graduating student in electronic system design and implementation involving microcontroller. This project is also aimed at acquainting the young engineers with skills for engineering, technical and scientific writing which in very indispensable in their professional practice. Another aim of this project is to familiarize these graduating students with programming involving real-time software (Assembly Language).

1.3  THE PROJECT SIGNIFICANCE

The project construction work is used in a number of places like in a military cantonment to provide security against enemies, fire-outbreak and unauthorized access into their strong room, bank strong room doors to avoid intruders, Another vital application of this project in office doors, and in model buildings. Also thisproject is for security surveillance in combination with closed circuit television (CCT). 

1.4 THE PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION

The realization of this project is presented in chapters for clarity purpose. Chapter one contains a brief introduction to the project. Chapter two is titled as the literature review, while chapter three is the system design. Chapter four exposes the Implementation and mode of construction, chapter five is testing and integration. Chapter six is all about problems encountered, recommendation and conclusion.