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FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF RENAL TISSUES OF ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS RATS TREATED WITH MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE/ASCORBIC ACID (200MG/4000MG)

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin production, insulin action, or both. One of the most common and severe complications associated with diabetes is diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which affects a significant proportion of individuals with diabetes. DKD is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.

Oxidative stress, inflammation, and altered renal function are key factors implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of DKD. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause renal damage by impairing cellular function and inducing inflammation. Therefore, strategies that target oxidative stress and improve renal function are of great interest in the management of DKD.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a flavor enhancer widely used in the food industry, has been investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in various diseases, including diabetes. It has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties. Ascorbic acid (AA), also known as vitamin C, is a potent antioxidant that has shown renoprotective effects in experimental models of DKD.

Given the potential beneficial effects of MSG and AA individually, it is of interest to investigate their combined therapeutic potential in DKD. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the functional status of renal tissues in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus rats treated with a combination of MSG and AA (200mg/4000mg) for 28 days. Alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus rat models are widely used in preclinical studies to mimic the metabolic and pathophysiological changes observed in human diabetes.

Understanding the impact of MSG/AA combination therapy on renal function parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological changes in renal tissues will provide valuable insights into its potential as a therapeutic intervention for DKD. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies to mitigate renal complications in diabetic individuals.

In summary, this investigation aims to assess the functional status of renal tissues in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus rats treated with MSG/AA combination therapy. The study will provide valuable information regarding the efficacy of this treatment approach in ameliorating renal dysfunction and oxidative stress, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention for DKD.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and is associated with various complications, including diabetic kidney disease (DKD). DKD is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and poses a