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CONSTRUCTION OF A FISH PONDS AND LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF A CONCRETE POND DURING DRY SEASON

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to analyze the IMT concrete pond bacteriological. A total of 5 isolates were obtained by using streak plate method and further studied by Gram’s staining technique. Among the isolated bacteria 2 were further studied for biochemical analysis and the result revealed the presence of Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus spp, Shigella spp, Escherichia spp., Enterobacter spp, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp and Bacillus sp. Comparison of bacteria count results, showed that the bottom water from the pond are more productive sources of micro-organisms an contain high quantity of bacteria than the top water. A good number of bacterial count and presence of Escherichia, Enterobacter, pseudomonas indicate significant level of microbial pollution of the ponds. During the study period, higher load of bacteria was found at the benthic zone where decomposition is higher. This shows that re-cycling of water is active on the concrete pond ecosystem. The bacteria count from the sample per 100ml were104 to 109.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of the Study

A pond is a body of standy water, either natural or man-made, that is usually smaller than a lake. They may arise naturally in flood plains as part of a river systems or they may be somewhat isolated depression (examples include vernal pools and prairie potholes). Usually they contain shallow water with marsh and aquatic plants and animals (Steven, 2004). A few animals also make ponds including both alligators and beavers. The type of life in a pond is generally determined by a combination of factors including water level regime (particularly depth and duration of flooding) and nutrient levels, but other factors may also be important, including presence or absence of shading by trees, presence or absence of streams, effects of grazing animals and salinity (John, 2006).

Humans also make ponds. A wide variety of man-made bodies of water are classified as ponds. Some ponds are created specifically for habitat restoration, including water gardens,water features and koi ponds are desinged aesthetic ornamentation as land scape or architectural features. Fish ponds are designed for commercial fish breeding and solar ponds designed for storing thermal energy (Aram, 2008).

Standing bodies of water such as ponds, pubbles and lakes are often categorized separately from flowing water courses, such as brook, creek, stream or river (Jeremi, 2000). Nutrient levels and water quality in natural or man-made ponds can be controlled through natural processes such as algal growth (eutrophication) or man-made filteration such as algae scrubber (Connell, 2005).

1.2. Objective of the Study

The objectives of this study is to analyze the bacterial content of concrete pound in IMT Botanical garden enugu during dry season. To verify the particular bacteria that inhabit in a pond during dry season.

1.3  Statement of the problem

The bacterial in the pond during wet season. Seems to be more, this leads to the study of longitudinal study of bacteriological analysis of i.m.t concrete pond during dry season to compare and contrast the bacterial load in the pond during dry season and wet season

1.4  Significance of the Study

This study was to create a difference in bacteria load of concrete pond during dry and wet seasons. It will also help the public to know the type of bacteria found in concrete pond and the likely disease these bacteria may cause. It will also help to know the pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria present in concrete pond.

1.5. Limitation of the Study

This study limits on the longitudinal study of 3weeks bacteriological analysis of IMT concrete pond. Due to time constraints viva voice was fast approaching and reading forced to be terminated.