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MOTIVATION AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR

ABSTRACT

This study was intended to examine motivation and employee performance in the public sector. This study was guided by the following objectives; to provide a basic understanding of motivation there are three major factor that influence motivation, individual difference, job characteristics and organizational practices and to develop on effective motivation programme, managers must consider how these factors interact to affect employee job performance. The study employed the descriptive and explanatory design; questionnaires in addition to library research were applied in order to collect data. Primary and secondary data sources were used and data was analyzed using the chi square statistical tool at 5% level of significance which was presented in frequency tables and percentage. The respondents under the study were 32 staff of NTA, Aba. The study findings revealed that there is a significant difference between motivated workers in public sector and those not motivated; based on the findings from the study, Performance appraisal should not be perceived just as a regular activity but its importance should be recognized and communicated down the line to all the employees.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

People work generally in order to make moneys food their families and enjoy better condition of live.  Hence, if the perform very well, they will make more than they earn before especially when they have skills and energy to do so. Motivation implies incentives and inducements which will make a worker feel more committed to duty and also motivations and employee performance are vital tools to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Motivation can be defined as a way in which individuals reacts to any needs, idea emotion or organic state of action. If is the driving reset from the materiel tension that occurs when the need has not been satisfies.
Generally, the definition of motivation is concerned with three features as follows of motivation is concerned with three major features as follows
1.   Determination of actions required satisfying the need
2.   What directs or channels such behavior
3.   Identification of law this behaviour is maintained or sustained in the public sector.
It is the duty of the manager to add a little  incentive to motivate his workers for greater performance and higher productivity in the organization. In this context for example. We must have information on the needs people experience or the outcome they seek in order to provide the types of reward they find attraction of the same time, these rewards or incentives must be administered, so that the people are encouraged to engage in the behaviour required by the Organisation. These incentives include; Extra hours bonus at lowery rate, availability of    basic facility e.g pope borne water, electricity etc car loans which will enhance the prestige and personality of the worker in the society, free health services for the families of the workers, relieve duties and last but not the least job schedules etc.
The aspect of employee performance in the organization of should be pointed out that employee’s performance appraisal is very much dependent on the perceptual process. According to Stephen p. Robbins Organizational behaviour said that an emlopyee future is closely field to his or her appraisal promotion pay raises and continuation of employment are among the obvious outcome. More also, Heinz Weihrich et al 1994 “management a global perspective “said that to succeed in any business organisation whether public or private sectors it is important and appropriate incentives high will guarantee optional effective and efficiency for each employee. Effective managers achieve at high level of employee performance with an available resource to vary degree, including money and other physical as a “resource” in a relatively incest development and has encounters some resistance who is understandable since people process for greater intrinsic work than either money or materials Describing people as a resource undresses the fact that they require certain levels of care attention and Coppertone also the practices of management 1961, by Peter Drucker in regard to employee performances change management with three fruitions inorder to acquire source productivity. These functions are economic performance, managing manager and managing worker are work. if is assured that man alone of all three resources available to him can group and develop any public or private sector or organisation.
Many mangers regard the management of their subordinates (employee) as first and foremost a day to day activity concerned with relation of work, which is compared with competence in the management of inter personal    relationship and control of   behaviour. White others do not aid they would be loosing thousands of what they suppose to acquire batter productivity. 
In conclusion, all these helps to motivate a worker to pat in his or her best effort to see the success and growth of the organisation. Also, all be the management talking active part in handing these two factor (motivation and employee performance) their main and objective will be highly realized, that is, profit and high productivity .  
1.1.1   HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF NTA ABA
On the both of September 1974 (eve of 1st October 1974) first television programme were relayed from Aba and became from OB yan, which moved from Enugu to Aba for the that purpose. Transmission continued here often, with a translator station at Umuahia Liking Enugu and Aba. In 1976, imo state was created and the state set up the Imo Broadcasting service (IBS), which in addition to  radio service took over the management of the Aba Television Station.          
Subsequently, on 3oth of August 1977, Nigeria television channel 6 Aba separated are formalized and that very day Nigeria Television Aba Started colour transmission. The NTA channel 6 Aba has about 700 are above workers. This reduction was us a result of rationalization exercise which took place on 1985 – 1987 in the scale that many were shelled white some were developed. The work of Nigeria television Authority is to make announcements in the radio and television in all are as they are covering like Imo, Edo is informed of what is happening in and outside the country. They help advertise programmes in the television and radio for people. They cover same programmes life wedding ceremony burial birthday parties etc. Formerly the NTA was sited in Aba when Abia state had not been created although it was supposed   to be mounted at Umuahia. The stage capital of Abia. State but due to the fact that before the creation of Abia state it was left in Aba. The study on motivation and employee performance in the NTA is to know the various needs method and bases adopted by the workers.  
1.2    STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Motivation is any influence that brings out direct or maintains people goal directed behaviour. As a manger, your will be responsible for helping employees perform their jobs effectively and efficiently. But this amount be fulfilled until you understand what motivates both them and you the manger. To provide a basic understanding of motivation there are three major factor   that influence motivation. Individual difference, job characteristics and organizational practices. To develop on effective motivation programme, managers must consider how these factors interact to affect employee job performance of course some factors that affect an   employee performances, but neither factor a is within a mangers control Again for an organisation to source if must meet its own need and the workers demand to ensure  that he right king of employee is attracted, thus  motivation is attracted by its many needs. The question is can no organisation get the right   kind of employee motivated for a greater secures. It is based on this fact that this work seeks to examine the motivation and employee performance in public sector using NTA Aba as a case study.  
1.3    STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis I
Ho: There is no significant difference between other performance of motivated workers and those that are not motivated in the public sector.
Hi: There is significant difference between motivated workers in public sector and those not motivation.
Hypothesis II
Ho:  The impact of motivation is insignificant in organizational productivity.
Hi: Motivation plays a major role in organization productivity.
Hypothesis III
Ho: Performances of employee in public sector could be achieved without motivation.
Hi: Workers performance in public sector could only be achieved through motivation.
1.4    SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will be of immense help to the management of NTA Aba in the methods to adopt in workers motivation if will also be of benefit to those who may find themselves as mangers in further and those currently occupying the position of mangers in terms of motivating the workers in order to bring out the best from them. Finally, it is one of the major per-requite for the award of HND in Business Administration.
1.5     DEFINITION OF TERMS
For the purpose of our study, same of the operational terms or words used will be defined as follows:
(a) Motivation: This can be defined as those activities which involves the satisfaction of a workers desired need and similar forces in other to induce  them to act in desired manner .
(b)  Employee Performance: The proficiency in accomplishing task in relation to the standard.
(c)  Public sector:- This is all government al organisation  which depends on the government for their capital and revenue and who are accountable to the government.
(d)  Management :- This means  a group of people person contorting a business center which include  directing planning organizing  and controlling . (e)   Productivity:- This refers to efficiency in industrial productive eg increase in or increase in at  workers perform.  
1.6   SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
In the course of carrying this research the  encountered many problem that could have happened the success of this work. some of the constraints induced the   following finances, time and nonchalant attitudes of the respondents’ to give adequate information required by the researcher and so it was only limited to NTA Aba .          
FINANCE: This serves as one of the major impediment in the process of this research work. for the fact that the researcher is still a student and the financial strength is limited and thus the gathering of induction is limited only on NTA channel 6 Lagos.          
TRANSPORTATION:- Due to the state of Nigeria’s economy, the researcher being a student could not acquire all that is needed as a result of high transportation          
TIME:  For the fact that this work was written when the researcher  was writing the final year examination couples with other academic activities time constitutes an impediment and the information gathered was not adequate.          
NONCHALANT ATTITUDE OF RESPONDENTS:- Most of the  respondents show nonchalant attitude in filling out the questionnaire as a result of fear to disclose the company’s secret and some of the respondent could not fill the questionnaires as at when needed by the researcher.

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