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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The effort expended in the process of registration of students and computation of their courses and examination results is much. Quite worrisome is the fact that these processes are carried out every academic session, putting the operators in a continuous and ever demanding cycle. The computation of examination results and registration of students’ courses is obviously an object-centered activity, the student being the dominant object in this case. Hence, the need to evolve a computerized process that will effectively and efficiently capture all the important data associated with the registration and examination result processing within the tertiary institutions and the interactions among the objects.

Students’ Examination Result is the summary of each of the semester performance in schools. A students’ Result is also demanded by a student who has finished his/her program. and wishes to transfer to another school or student who wishes to get a job. A Transcript is not given directly to a student. It is sent to the school that the student wishes to be transferred, or to the organization or establishment that requires the result.

 A students’ Result is prepared or formed by the scores entered on the designed score sheet by the individual course lecturers on semester examinations. This genuine and noble desire necessitated the design and development of the Undergraduate Registration and Examination Processing System software.

There were three fundamentally distinct education systems in Nigeria in 1990: the indigenous system, Quranic schools, and formal European-style education institutions. In the rural areas where the majority lived, children learned the skills of farming and other work, as well as the duties of adulthood, from participation in the community. This process was often supplemented by age-based schools in which groups of young boys were instructed in community responsibilities by mature men. By the 1970s, education experts were asking how the system could be integrated into the more formal schooling of the young, but the question remained unresolved by 1990. Western-style education came to Nigeria with the missionaries in the mid-nineteenth century. Although the first mission school was founded in 1843 by Methodists, it was the Anglican Church Missionary Society that pushed forward in the early 1850s to find a chain of missions and schools, followed quickly in the late 1850s by the Roman Catholics. In 1887 in what is now southern Nigeria, an education department was founded that began setting curricula requirements and administered grants to the mission societies. By 1914, when north and south were united into one colony, there were fifty-nine government and ninety-one mission primary schools in the south; all eleven secondary schools, except for King's College in Lagos, were run by the missions.

The education system focused strongly on examinations. In 1916 Frederick Lugard, first governor of the unified colony, set up a school inspectorate. Discipline, buildings, and adequacy of teaching staff were to be inspected, but the most points given to a school's performance went to the numbers and rankings of its examination results. This stress on examinations was still used in 1990 to judge educational results and to obtain qualifications for jobs in government and the private sector.

As more information is made available in a variety of formats and media and in a variety of locations, the need to manage information/data efficiently becomes more and more critical. Both staff and public users want access to stored information and want to access it more efficiently. It is the university policy to improve both the efficiency and effectiveness of course registration and result processing operations and services through the implementation of an integrated automated database System.

1.2       STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Database of information is vital in today’s educational system with respect to course registration and examination result processing. This has become a very vital issue as students spend so much time trying to know the number of credit units for each semester. This problem has led to time wasting, inaccuracy of results and even open to fraud. Cases of missing results have been recorded thereby making examination processing more difficult and untimely.

There has been this problem of too much work for the Head of Department of Exams and Records owing to the increase of students in the institution, the Head of Department of the Exams and Records is faced with heaps of files. At times sorting out a particular student’s file takes time. This bitter complaint and the delay in the preparing of this student’s examination Result has been the major concern and therefore has intensified the need to design a generating software which will go a long way in tackling these problems and proffering solutions, at the same time to quicken the generating of student’s result.

1.3     OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Since this study is specifically to use the physical view  to make efficient use of storage and processing resources, therefore, the objective of this study includes the following;

1.  To help in facilitating generation of ad hoc query.

2. To ensure reliability and transparency in the creation and computation of results

3. To present a platform for assessment of the performance of the students and workers in other to help develop enabling policy for academic quality and standard.

4. To prevent unauthorized access or mutilation of the results of the students thereby maintaining data integrity.

5. To help the users of the result database software (RDS) to manage the overall database environment by providing facilities for backup and recovery, security management, query optimization, concurrency control, and change management.

1.4  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this study is to examine closely the advantage of this result application to the benefit of Caritas University and the entire community.

1. It will serve as a reference material to those who use this project material.

2.  It is a contribution to knowledg

3. It will provide information to other researchers/developers on how best and beneficial the use of a management information system can be in providing accurate information for an organization’s decision making.

4. It will ensure high level quality service development of the management which will ensure that students are not subjected to undue suffering in collection of their transcript or clearance prior to the deployment for youth service.      

1.5  SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study is an integrated study on the use of a Computer-based Result Management Information System (CBRMIS) a case of Caritas University.

1.6   LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

Realizing the financial and time constraints usually associated with students in project of this nature, there is no research carried out that does not experience some difficulties. This work is no exception; the following factors posed serious limitations to the research work.

Financial constraints: a study like this nature is expected to be carried out on a broader base but because of lack of funds required, some function and programs could not be applied.

Time constraint: in the course of the study, time posed a serious problem in carrying out the test. The duration given for the conduct of this study was short.

Non-availability of materials: during the course of this research, there were non-availability of some critical documents and materials which were classified as confidential.

Non-availability of Exit: because of the nature of the school as a private university, Permission to go out was not always granted and this posed a serious problem towards the actualization of this goal.

SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

Programming Language: PHP

Programming Environment: Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8

Software Requirement: Wamp Server

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